In vitro culture and greenhouse acclimatization of Oncidium varicosum (Orchidaceae) with microorganisms isolated from its roots
Abstract Sustainable production of orchids may be achieved with the use of symbiotic microorganisms that improve resistance of plants to pests and diseases and reduce the need of substrate fertilization. In this study, one fungus (F1), one yeast (Y1) and one gram-positive bacteria (B+) were isolated...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Ornamental Horticulture (Campinas) 2019-12, Vol.25 (4), p.407-416 |
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Zusammenfassung: | Abstract Sustainable production of orchids may be achieved with the use of symbiotic microorganisms that improve resistance of plants to pests and diseases and reduce the need of substrate fertilization. In this study, one fungus (F1), one yeast (Y1) and one gram-positive bacteria (B+) were isolated from the roots of the orchid Oncidium varicosum and used in the cultivation of protocorms and plantlets obtained from seeds of this species. Cultivation of protocorms in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium enriched with sucrose and inoculated with microorganisms did not result in better development of protocorms. However, the use of plantlets in the rooting phase in MS medium without sucrose and inoculated with B+ resulted in plantlets with more leaves and roots and longer shoots and roots, suggesting synergism between microorganism and plant when sucrose is absent. The major benefits of co-cultivating plantlets and these microorganisms were observed in the acclimatization in the greenhouse. Plantlets obtained with oat meal agar medium and B+ showed the highest pseudobulb diameter, number of roots, height and fresh weight among treatments. We concluded that the application of rooting-derived microorganisms in the in vitro culture and plantlet acclimatization of Oncidium varicosum is beneficial.
Resumo O emprego de microrganismos na micropropagação de plantas de orquídeas pode melhorar a produção de mudas por aumentar a resistência das plantas a doenças e diminuir o requerimento de fertilizantes. Neste estudo, um fungo (F1), uma levedura (L1) e uma bactéria gram-positiva (B+) foram isolados de raízes da orquídea Oncidium varicosum e empregados no cultivo in vitro de protocormos e plântulas obtidos de sementes desta espécie. No primeiro ensaio, o meio Murashige & Skoog (MS) enriquecido com sacarose e inoculado individualmente com os microorganismos não proporcionou melhoria no desenvolvimento dos protocormos do que o meio sem microrganismos. No segundo ensaio, com plântulas em início de enraizamento e com três meios de cultura, o meio MS sem sacarose inoculado com B+ proporcionou aumento no número médio de folhas (3,8 para 7,5), raízes (4,0 para 12,1) e comprimento da maior raiz (1,1 para 6,4cm) por planta, comparado ao meio sem a bactéria, sugerindo sinergismo entre plantas e o microrganismo na ausência de sacarose no meio. Na aclimatização em casa de vegetação, plântulas advindas do meio aveia-ágar inoculado com B+ apresentaram o maior diâmetro de pseudobulbo, núme |
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ISSN: | 2447-536X 2447-536X |
DOI: | 10.1590/2447-536x.v25i4.2046 |