A pre‐processing technique to decrease inspection time in glass tube production lines

In case of glass tube for pharmaceutical applications, high‐quality defect detection is made via inspection systems based on computer vision. The processing must guarantee real‐time inspection and meet increasing rate and quality requirements. Defect detection in glass tubes is complicated by aspects that hamper the efficiency of state‐of‐the‐art techniques. This paper presents a pre‐processing algorithm which excludes portions of the image where defects are surely absent. The approach decreases the time for defect detection and classification phases (any detection algorithm can be applied), as they are applied only in high‐probability candidate sub‐image. We derive a methodology to get robust values of algorithm's parameters during production. The algorithm relies on detrended standard deviation and double threshold hysteresis, which solve issues related to the misalignment between illuminator and acquisition camera, and enable a robust detection despite rotation, vibration, and irregularities of tubes. We consider Canny, MAGDDA, and Niblack algorithms. The solution keeps the detection quality of such algorithms and reaches a 4.69× throughput gain. It represents a methodology to obtain defect detection in time‐constrained environments through a software‐only approach, and can be exploited in parallel/accelerated solutions and in contexts where a linear camera is utilized on both flat and uneven surfaces. We present and evaluate a pre‐processing algorithm for glass tube defect detection, which preliminary excludes the portions of the image where defects are surely not present. The approach significantly decreases the processing time for defect detection and classification phases. The algorithm is based on detrended standard deviation (DSD) and double threshold hysteresis. They solve the issue related to the possible misalignment between illuminator and the acquisition camera, and enable a robust detection despite rotation, vibration, and irregularities of the tube.