Mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis as a therapeutic target for FNC (2′-deoxy-2′-b-fluoro-4′-azidocytidine)-induced inhibition of Dalton’s lymphoma growth and proliferation

Purpose T-cell lymphomas, refer to a diverse set of lymphomas that originate from T-cells, a type of white blood cell, with limited treatment options. This investigation aimed to assess the efficacy and mechanism of a novel fluorinated nucleoside analogue (FNA), 2′-deoxy-2′-β-fluoro-4′-azidocytidine (FNC), against T-cell lymphoma using Dalton’s lymphoma (DL)-bearing mice as a model. Methods Balb/c mice transplanted with the DL tumor model received FNC treatment to study therapeutic efficacy against T-cell lymphoma. Behavioral monitoring, physiological measurements, and various analyses were conducted to evaluate treatment effects for mechanistic investigations. Results The results of study indicated that FNC prevented DL-altered behavior parameters, weight gain and alteration in organ structure, hematological parameters, and liver enzyme levels. Moreover, FNC treatment restored organ structures, attenuated angiogenesis, reduced DL cell viability and proliferation through apoptosis. The mechanism investigation revealed FNC diminished MMP levels, induced apoptosis through ROS induction, and activated mitochondrial-mediated pathways leading to increase in mean survival time of DL mice. These findings suggest that FNC has potential therapeutic effects in mitigating DL-induced adverse effects. Conclusion FNC represents an efficient and targeted treatment strategy against T-cell lymphoma. FNC’s proficient ability to induce apoptosis through ROS generation and MMP reduction makes it a promising candidate for developing newer and more effective anticancer therapies. Continued research could unveil FNC’s potential role in designing a better therapeutic approach against NHL.