Endophytic Trichoderma : Potential and Prospects for Plant Health Management

The fungus is widely regarded as the most common fungal biocontrol agent for plant health management. More than 25 species have been extensively studied and have demonstrated significant potential in inhibiting not only phytopathogen growth but also insect pest infestations. In addition to their use as biopesticides, there is increasing evidence that several species can function as fungal endophytes by colonizing the tissues of specific plants. This colonization enhances a plant's growth and improves its tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. In recent decades, there has been a proliferation of literature on the role of endophytes in crop protection. Although the mechanisms underlying plant-fungal endophyte interactions are not yet fully understood, several studies have suggested their potential application in agriculture, particularly in the mitigation of plant pests and diseases. This review focuses on the diversity of endophytic strains and their potential use in controlling specific diseases and pests of crop plants. endophytes are considered a potential solution to reduce production costs and environmental impact by decreasing reliance on agrochemicals.