Fully-coupled modeling and analysis of the influence of anti-icing bleed air system of engine inlet duct on compressor performance

A fully-coupled method that integrates the compressor, inlet duct and anti-icing bleed air system (AI-BAS) was established to offer a quick prediction of the effects of anti-icing bleeding on compressor performance, facilitating the development of a fully-coupled AI-BAS model and a thermodynamic cycle model for gas turbine engines. While the flow within the inlet duct was solved by 3-D numerical simulation, the AI-BAS was simulated by a reduced-order model and the thermodynamic performance of the compressor was estimated by a parallel-compressor method. Comparison with the results by the full-annular CFD simulation suggested that the proposed fully coupled method can adeptly predict the effects of inflow distortion on compressor performance. In this study, as the increase of anti-icing bleed air ratio, the distortion on AIP and the resulted performance degradation of compressor becomes obvious, especially the surge margin. In the fully coupled modeling with AI-BAS, both the bleed air ratio and temperature of discharged bleed air increase with the compressor pressure ratio. The variation of bleed air ratio reaches nearly 1 %. The compressor's operating point is observed to traverse among lines representing constant bleed air flow ratio, which cannot be captured by the classical bleed air model. •A fully-coupled modeling of inlet duct, compressor, and anti-icing bleed air system is developed, in which the mixing and distortion caused by the exhausting of anti-icing bleed air is calculated and such effect on the downstream compressor is evaluated.•By introducing anti-icing valve model, heat exchange model and bleeding function, an anti-icing bleeding system model is developed to evaluate the coupling of bleed air flow and the compressor operation. Thus, the coupling variation of anti-icing bleed air system can be simulated instead of the classical bleed air model with constant bleed air ratio and relative enthalpy.•By developing the parallel compressor theory, a calculation method to quickly evaluate the effect of anti-icing bleed air of intake on compressor performance is developed. Analysis shows that this method can be used to evaluate compressor performance with distorted intake quickly and reasonably.•The influence of the AI-BAS on compressor performance is a compounded outcome of bleed air flow rate ratio and temperature of discharged bleed air. Enhancing heat exchange within the flow path of AI-BAS is an effective strategy for optimizing compressor ope