Electroacupuncture as an effective therapy for Tapia’s syndrome after transoral intubation for general anesthesia: a case report and review of the literature

Background Tapia's syndrome is a rare complication of airway manipulation under general anesthesia. Injuries to the vagus nerve (X) and hypoglossal nerve (XII) during transoral intubation are the primary cause of the disease. The typical symptoms include hoarseness, dysarthria, dysphagia, tongue muscle atrophy, and tongue deviation toward the affected side. We report a case of Tapia's syndrome treated with electroacupuncture to accelerate the recovery process, and discuss the potential mechanism behind our findings based on previous research. Case presentation In this report, we describe a 57-year-old Chinese man who suffered Tapia's syndrome after craniotomy evacuation of hematoma with general anesthesia and transoral intubation. After 52 days of electroacupuncture therapy along with standard swallowing training, the patient achieved significant improvement in deglutition and speech function. Conclusion Electroacupuncture is effective and safe for Tapia's syndrome. It can shorten the recovery time when combined with routine swallowing rehabilitation. Keywords: Tapia's syndrome, Electroacupuncture, Dysphagia, Dysarthria, Case report, Swallowing