An anatomical review of the right ventricle

The right ventricle is the most anteriorly positioned chamber of the heart, sitting directly posterior to the sternum. The distinct anatomical features of the right ventricle create an approximately 10-fold difference in vascular resistance between the right and left ventricular systems. We will first review the external and general features, followed by the internal features and subsequently, the clinical relevance of this chamber of the heart. This literature review seeks to collate and discuss peer-reviewed articles on the anatomy of the right ventricle. It was outlined after conducting a review of the literature and standard search engines. Factors such as retrosternal location, complex geometry, and normal variants create complexities in accurate diagnosis of right ventricle pathology. Knowledge of the underlying anatomy of the right ventricle and the subsequent functional properties are examined in this review to promote improved diagnostic protocols and clinical interventions in the future. •Review of the right ventricle and the associated structures.•Anatomical findings of true chordae tendineae and False chordae tendineae.•There are three main papillary muscles in the RV: anterior, inferior, and medial or septal.•Moderator band can act as a protective mechanism to resist the overdistension of the right ventricle.