Clinical efficacies of different neoadjuvant therapies for non-small cell lung cancer

•Comparison of major neoadjuvant therapies for locally advanced NSCLC.•Real world cases from one institution using the same evaluation criteria.•Disparity between short-term efficacy of radiology and pathology.•The impact of MPR on long-term survival for different neoadjuvant therapies.•Positive lymph nodes increased the risk of postoperative recurrence. Neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery is a common clinical strategy for operable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the mainstream neoadjuvant therapies include chemoimmunotherapy, targeted therapy, and chemotherapy. However, there is a lack of studies to report the difference in benefits between these treatment modalities in the same institution. Therefore, this study aimed to depict the short-term efficacy of radiology and pathology achieved by different therapies and their impact on long-term survival as well as the underlying clinical significance. A total of 243 NSCLC patients who underwent different neoadjuvant therapies were eligible for inclusion. Demographic, radiological, and pathological features of patients were recorded. The event-free survival (EFS) outcome was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. The objective response rates (ORR) of primary tumor in the chemoimmunotherapy, targeted therapy, and chemotherapy cohorts were 48.95 %, 57.58 %, and 34.09 % respectively, major pathological response (MPR) rates were 58.74 %, 15.15 %, and 20.83 % (P