Sulfur Cave (Romania), an extreme environment with microbial mats in a CO2-H2S/O2 gas chemocline dominated by mycobacteria

Sulfur Cave (Puturosu Mountain, Romania) is an extreme environment, unique for displaying life in a gas chemocline. The lower part of the cave is filled with CO2, CH4, and H2S of mofettic origin, while the upper part contains air that floats above the heavier volcanic gasses. S° and H2SO4 (from sulf...

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Veröffentlicht in:	International journal of speleology 2018-05, Vol.47 (2), p.173-187
Hauptverfasser:	Sarbu, Serban, Aerts, Joost, Flot, Jean-François, Van Spanning, Rob, Baciu, Calin, Ionescu, Artur, Kis, Boglárka, Incze, Reka, Sikó-Barabási, Sándor, Para, Zoltan, Hegyeli, Botond, Atudorei, Nicu-Viorel, Barr, Casey, Nealson, Kenneth, Forray, Ferenc, Lascu, Cristian, Fleming, Emily, Bitter, Wilbert, Popa, Radu
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Astrobiology biofilm Biofilms Biology Carbon dioxide Caves Chemocline DNA Drifters Earth Electron microscopy Extreme environments Floats gas chemocline Gas discharges Gases Geobiology Geology Hydrogen sulfide Inflow Lava Light microscopy Mars Mars volcanoes Mats Microbial mats Microorganisms Microscopy Mineralogy mofette Optical microscopy Organic carbon Organic chemistry Oxidation Oxidizing agents Precipitation Rocks Scanning electron microscopy Stability Stable isotopes sulfide Sulfur Sulfur Cave Sulfur oxidation Sulfuric acid Sulphur Sulphuric acid Underground caverns Volcanic gases Volcanoes Water Water supply Water vapor Water vapour X-ray diffraction
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Zusammenfassung:	Sulfur Cave (Puturosu Mountain, Romania) is an extreme environment, unique for displaying life in a gas chemocline. The lower part of the cave is filled with CO2, CH4, and H2S of mofettic origin, while the upper part contains air that floats above the heavier volcanic gasses. S° and H2SO4 (from sulfur-oxidation) cover the cave wall at and below the CO2-H2S:O2 gas/gas interface. On the cave wall, near the interface the pH is
ISSN:	0392-6672 1827-806X
DOI:	10.5038/1827-806X.47.2.2164