Evaluation of periostin levels in gingival crevicular fluid in association between coronary heart disease and chronic periodontitis

Periostin is a protein, which is essential for periodontal tissue integrity, development and maturity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) periostin levels in the association between coronary heart disease (CHD) and chronic periodontitis (CP). This matched case-control study was conducted on 116 participants. The participants were matched for age, gender, and body mass index and divided into four groups as follows: (1) 29 patients with CHD and sever CP (CHD-CP), (2) 29 patients with CHD and without CP (CHD-H), (3) 29 patients without CHD and with sever CP (H-CP), and (4) 29 healthy participants (H-H). The GCF periostin was collected and evaluated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELASA). Finally, the data were analyzed by analysis of variance using the stata software. Significance was assigned at < 0.05. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the GCF periostin levels in the four groups ( < 0.05). Moreover, according to the results of the Bonferroni's test, differences in the mean periostin levels were significant ( < 0.001) between CHD-CP and CHD-H, CHD-CP and H-CP, CHD-CP and H-H, CHD-H and H-H, and also between H-CP and H-H. The periostin levels reduced in the CHD patients, especially in the CHD-CP group. The findings reveal a probable role of periostin in the association between CHD and CP.