MiR-194-5p might be a Potential Biomarker for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence is increasing around the world as a progressive metabolic condition. The miRNA expression profile changes in the early stages of diabetes in body fluids. It can help in early diagnosis of diabetes, which reduces diabetes-related mortality. In this study, miR-194-5p gene expression levels in diabetic and pre-diabetic patients will be examined and compared to the healthy controls. Materials and Methods: The expression levels of miR-194-5p were evaluated in 90 participants, referred to Yazd diabetes centers (Iran) in 2022, including 30 T2DM, 30 prediabetics, and 30 healthy subjects by real-time PCR. The potential pathways affected by microRNA were fitted to the Enrichr web server by applying target genes predicted to miR-194-5p in the Target Scan Human 7.2 database. Results: The results of these studies indicate a gradual decrease in miR-194-5p expression levels in prediabetic and T2DM patients compared to healthy controls (P< 0.001). The role of the miR-194-5p target genes in T2DM-related signaling pathways such as the Wnt and TGF-beta pathways was also determined. Conclusion: The results indicate that miR-194-5p is a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis of T2DM due to its down-regulation in the serum of prediabetics and diabetics compared to healthy subjects.