Research Regarding the Influence of Some Technological Factors on the Productivity of Some Monoecious Hemp Varieties Cultivated at Agricultural Research and Development Station Secuieni in Romania

This paper aimed to study combinations of some monoecious hemp varieties created at A.R.D.S. Secuieni and evaluate the combined influence of the variety of hemp used, the distance between rows of hemp, and the application of the Secuieni method on seed production. The Secuieni method is a cultivation method for hemp seed that is suitable for mechanical harvesting with grain combined directly from fields. This method consists of reducing the height of plants below 2 m, increasing the field uniformity, increasing seed production (sometimes by over 50%), and reducing the seeding rate from 10–15 kg/ha to 4–5 kg/ha. An experiment was carried out within the Agricultural Research—Development Station Secuieni in an experimental field in the monoecious hemp breeding laboratory. The results obtained during 2019–2023 showed that the influence of the variety led to production increases of 276 Mg·ha−1, which were obtained by the Secuieni Jubileu variety compared to the control variety, Succesiv, which had a yield of 1808 Mg·ha−1. The distance between the rows generated seed yields with values between 1908 Mg·ha−1 and 1967 Mg·ha−1, with statistically insignificant differences. The use of the Secuieni method led to production increases with different degrees of significance compared to the control variant. When analyzing the influence of the interaction between the genotype and the distance between the rows, it was observed that the productions obtained varied between 1767 Mg·ha−1 (Succesiv × 50 cm) and 2121 Mg·ha−1 (Secuieni Jubileu × 70 cm). In the analyzed period, the yields oscillated between 1460 Mg·ha−1 (Zenit × uncut) and 2437 Mg·ha−1 (Secuieni × two cuttings). In the case of the interaction between the distances used and the cuttings applied, the obtained production values varied between 1458 Mg·ha−1 (50 cm × UC) and 2402 Mg·ha−1 (70 cm × c2). At the same time, in the case of the combined influence of the three experimental factors, the application of two cuttings, regardless of the variety and distance used, led to statistically assured production increases compared to the control variant (Succesiv × 50 CM × UC).