Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of traditional villages based on geodetector: Jiarong Tibetan in Western Sichuan, China

Jiarong Tibetan is a regional group with distinctive regional characteristics and possess precious traditional village resources. Studying the spatial distribution and influencing factors of traditional villages is of vital significance for the protection and renewal of villages and the revitalization of cultural heritage. Nevertheless, due to the fact that the Jiarong Tibetan inhabited area has not been clearly defined for a long time, there is a lack of holistic discussion on the distribution features and driving mechanisms of traditional villages in this region. In order to fill this research gap, the paper is the first to break away from the existing county administrative divisions to define the study area. Moreover, the analysis is carried out by using the nearest neighbor index, kernel density, GoeDa and Geodetector, etc. for traditional villages at national-level and provincial-level. The results show that the spatial distribution of the traditional villages of Jiarong Tibetan is characterized by typical aggregation, with the core intensive area in Danba County and the sub-core intensive area in the central and northern parts. The results of factor detection show that the spatial distribution pattern of the traditional villages is the consequence of the synergistic effect of multiple factors, and the interaction effect is significantly enhanced. The economic level and climatic conditions play a controlling role, and population, elevation, intangible cultural heritage and rivers also have notable effects. The findings of study can offer scientific guidance and suggestions for the inheritance and development of traditional villages in Jiarong Tibetan settlement area.