Triphenyl hexene, an active substance of Betaone barley water extract, inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and LPS-induced osteoporosis

[Display omitted] •Triphenyl hexene from Betaone barley water extract inhibits osteoclastogenesis.•Tirphenyl hexene reduces the transcriptional and translational expression of markers associated with osteoclastogenesis.•Triphenyl hexene decreases bone loss in an LPS-induced osteoporosis mouse model. Osteoporosis is an aging-associated disease that causes fragile bone in postmenopausal women and elderly, resulting in increased social expenses. Bone health is maintained through the bone remodeling process. In this study, we investigated the anti-osteoporotic activity of 2,3,5-triphenyl-1-hexene (TH), an active substance of water extract of Betaone barley. To analyze the effect of TH on osteoclasts, the transcriptional and translational expression levels of several osteoclastogenesis-related genes were investigated. To investigate the in vivo activity of TH, an experiment with LPS-induced osteoporosis model mice was performed, and data were analyzed using micro-CT imaging, H&E and TRAP staining. The results showed that TH reduced the transcriptional and translational expression of NFATc1, a modulator of osteoclast formation, and decreased the mRNA expression levels of various osteoclast differentiation marker genes. Moreover, TH inhibited bone resorption in the LPS-induced osteoporosis model in proportion to a concentration similar to the positive control, alendronate, and bisphosphonates.