Minimizing the Active Power Losses and Retaining the Voltage Profile of the Distribution System Using Soft Computing Techniques with DG Source

The motivation of this research is to curtail the active power losses in the radial distribution system. This paper proposes a novel voltage stability indicator to determine the optimum conductor sizes for various distribution lines and find the conductor stability limit. This work proposes a new BAT algorithm for finding the optimal switching configurations using reconfiguration, which is used to minimize the active power losses. The proposed BAT algorithm gives the optimal locations to place the required amount of DG sources to improve the stability and minimize the power losses and maintain the voltage profile of the systems. The proposed BAT algorithm has been executed with the MATLAB 2016 software and compared with the differential evolution technique for IEEE 33 bus, IEEE 69 bus, and Indian real time 62 bus systems. The test results are applied on different conductors, and the real power flow on the different conductors are mapped in the proposed method using the novel voltage stability indicator. The radial distribution system has lower power losses, best voltage profile, cost of saving the DG source, optimal placing of a suitable rating of the DG source, optimal location of the DG source, and cost of saving the DG source which were achieved in this work. In this research, the distributed load flow analysis is implemented to find the parameters by the forward-backward sweep algorithm. The minimum bus voltage 0.95 pu is virtual in all the conductors. The loss reduction in the DE for IEEE 33 bus has been reduced from 42.4% to 45.3% and the loss reduction in IEEE 69 bus from 36.2% to 38.8% and the real time 62 bus from 47.5% to 49.15%. The loss reduction in the BAT algorithm for IEEE 33 bus has been reduced from 38.46% to 45.3% and the loss reduction in IEEE 69 bus is from 32.2% to 38.8%. The Indian standard real time 62 bus has been reduced from 38.92% to 49.15%. The proposed results are compared with the DE and BAT algorithm. The proposed BAT algorithm is found to be more effectual in reducing voltage deviation (VD) and reducing the power losses in the system.