Response of peanut Arachis hypogaea roots to the presence of beneficial and pathogenic fungi by transcriptome analysis

Entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae obtain survival benefit meanwhile promote the nutrient absorption of root as an endophyte. However, little is known concerning molecular mechanisms in the process. We performed the transcriptome sequencing of A . hypogaea roots inoculated M . anisopliae and pathogenic Fusarium axysporum , respectively. There were 81323 unigenes from 132023 transcripts. Total 203 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) respond to the two fungi, including specific 76 and 34 DEGs distributed respectively in M . anisopliae and F . axysporum treatment. KEGG pathway enrichment for DEGs showed the two top2 were signal transductions of plant-pathogen interaction and plant hormone. By qRT-PCR, the mRNA level of 26 genes involved in plant-fungus interaction confirmed the reliability of the RNA-Seq data. The expression pattern of the key DEGs on jasmonic acid (JA) or salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway presented regulating consistency with JA or SA concentration detected by HPLC-MS. Those significantly stronger down-regulated DEGs by M . anisopliae thanby F . axysporum linking to hypersensitive response and negative regulation of defense, and those specific up-regulated genes in M . anisopliae treatment may predict that the less immunity is conducive to symbiosis F . axysporum may trigger JA-mediated defense regulated by ERF branch of JA signaling pathway, whereas M. an isopliae does not.