PATHOGENIC ASPECTS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN THE TUMOR TISSUE AND HEMOSTATIC SYSTEM

Cancer is a risk factor for thrombotic complications, while activation of the hemostatic system contributes to the growth and metastasis of the tumor tissue. The paper presents the modern ideas of the pathogenetic features of the interaction of the hemostatic system and immune systems in terms of tumor growth. First category of such factors we refer to as "specific tumor-dependent", the second – as "general pathological risk factors", the third – as "therapy-dependent" risk factors. Pathogenesis of interaction "hemostatic system – tumor tissue – immune system" includes factors related to the response to the tumor: inflammation, acute phase reaction, dysproteinemia, focal necrosis, hemodynamic abnormalities, as well as specific factors caused by the tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages. Namely: procoagulant and fibrinolytic activity of cancer cells and their interaction with platelets, mononuclear macrophages and endothelium, angiogenesis, iatrogenic aspects (chemoherapy, hormone therapy). Tumor cells activate the coagulation cascade or fibrinolysis system, providing conditions for its further spread, stimulation of angiogenesis, increased vascular permeability, which in turn promotes metastasis.