Soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels and severity of dengue hemorrhagic fever in children

Background The clinical manifestations of dengue infection vary widely, ranging from asymptomatic to severe forms that can cause death. In severe infections, the expression of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) in endothelial cells is reportedly excessive, causing endothelial cell gaps through VE-cadherin and plasma leakage, which is the basic mechanism for shock in dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Objective To determine the association between sVCAM-1 levels and severity of dengue hemorrhagic fever in children. Methods This cross-sectional study was done in children with DHF at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang, West Sumatera. Subjects were diagnosed according to the 2011 WHO criteria and selected by consecutive sampling. They were grouped as DHF with or without shock. Examination of sVCAM-1 levels was done by ELISA method. Mann-Whitney test with a significance of P