Thermal tissue damage analysis for magnetothermal neuromodulation and lesion size minimization

The study of temperature profiles within the central nervous system (CNS) when exposed to an alternating magnetic field (AMF) as a plausible therapy for neuropsychiatric disorders is crucial. This new procedure can be a better alternative for conventional permanent implanted electrodes treatment for CNS diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Hyperthermic treatments are highly dependent on biomaterial thermophysical properties, magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) solution and magnetic field characteristics. This manuscript aims to ascertain the optimum conditions for magnetothermal neuromodulation. Hence, we employ a comprehensive modeling and utilize finite element method (FEM) for simulations to obtain the temperature distribution across the exposed tissue by which the lesion size is evaluated. The results are compared against experimental data in the literature. Local temperature distribution demonstrates an elevated temperature of 57 °C particularly, at the center of the injected solution after exposure. It is shown that a high fraction of the tissue around the injected magnetic nanoparticle solution is damaged mainly due to crossing the safe temperature domain (43 °C