Green and Sustainable Ultrasound-Assisted Anodic Electrochemical Preparation of Graphene Oxide Dispersions and Their Antioxidant Properties
A fast method for preparing aqueous graphene oxide (GO) dispersions by electrochemical oxidation of a graphite anode without preliminary intercalation with oxidizing agents is proposed. Ultrasonic probing was used in the modulation mode of ultrasonic waves (work/rest) for more efficient graphite oxi...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-04, Vol.28 (7), p.3238 |
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Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | A fast method for preparing aqueous graphene oxide (GO) dispersions by electrochemical oxidation of a graphite anode without preliminary intercalation with oxidizing agents is proposed. Ultrasonic probing was used in the modulation mode of ultrasonic waves (work/rest) for more efficient graphite oxidation-exfoliation. It is shown that the 4/2 s mode of ultrasonic modulation is the most effective due to the probe material's low corrosion while maintaining the optimum synthesis temperature not exceeding 30-35 °C and achieving the best characteristics of the resulting product. Three cases of anodic oxidation of graphite to obtain graphene oxide were considered: (1) a combined cathode-anode compartment, (2) a split cathode-anode salt-bridged compartment, and (3) separated anode compartment with a 3.5 kDa dialysis membrane. It was determined that the approach to synthesis with a divided cathode-anode compartment makes it possible to obtain GO sheets with fewer defects compared to chemical methods or methods with a combined cathode-anode compartment and makes it possible to control the oxidation degree of the material (C:O ratio) by varying the current density. The prepared samples showed good stability for more than six months. The spectral and morphological characteristics were studied. Using chemiluminometry in the luminol/Co(II)/H
O
system, the antioxidant properties concerning three key reactive oxygen species (H
O
, superoxide anion radical, and hydroxyl radical) were demonstrated. It was also shown that the prepared GO dispersions do not induce lipid and phospholipid peroxidation. |
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ISSN: | 1420-3049 1420-3049 |
DOI: | 10.3390/molecules28073238 |