Green synthesis and characterization of copper oxide nanoparticles using Luffa acutangula peel extract and its antibacterial activity

In this current research project, the peel extract of Luffa acutangula was employed to synthesize copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) for the very first time. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were used to examine the synthesized nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction analysis determined that the nanoparticles have a monoclinic structure, with an average crystallite size of 26 nm. The Scanning Electron Microscopy revealed that the particles had a clustered, rectangular structure. The zeta potential of the particles was measured to be −34 mV using DLS, indicating good stability. Copper oxide-mediated by Luffa acutangula has demonstrated excellent bactericidal properties against both types of bacteria, Gram-negative and Gram-positive. The diameter of the growth inhibition area for Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli was measured as 15 mm, 15 mm, 16 mm, and 25 mm, respectively, in response to a concentration of 150 μg/μL.