Raoultella ornithinolytica : Emergence and Resistance

is an encapsulated Gram-negative, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, aerobic, non-motile rod that belongs to the family. This bacterium was initially classified in the genus as , until the creation of the genus in 2001. is usually found in water environments and soil, and due to its ability to convert histidine to histamine, it has been associated with histamine poisoning in humans. is an emerging entity in human infections, with several reports of virulent infections in comorbid at-risk patients. Increasing reports are potentially due to better and more precise identification tools. The objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of reported cases of infections, the emergent virulence of described multiresistant strains, and an overview of currently used identification methods.