Evaluation of different disinfection protocols for seed germination of Ocimum basilicum L

The aim of this study was to discriminate between different disinfection protocols applied to common basil seeds for in vitro establishment on Murashige & Skoog medium. The aim of this approach was not only to overcome seed dormancy, but also to decisively influence the germination process in order to achieve a significant increase in the proportion of seeds that germinate successfully. In the Colombian context, where some 156 species of medicinal plants are currently marketed, basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), originally from Asia Minor, stands out as one of the most widely used plants in the world. In the department of Valle del Cauca, medicinal plants have emerged as protagonists in contrast to the monoculture of sugar cane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) that dominates the region. However, basil faces significant challenges related to seed dormancy, a condition that negatively affects germination and therefore directly affects yield. In this scenario, 21 treatments were carried out in the Biological Sciences Laboratory of the Central Unit of Valle del Cauca, which showed a marked variability and influence in phenological development, especially in stem and leaf growth. Treatment 12 (0.7% NaClO) showed the highest percentage of basil seed germination (80%). It is imperative to explore new protocols that effectively contribute to the basil production process by overcoming seed dormancy.