Submarine landslide megablocks show half of Anak Krakatau island failed on December 22nd, 2018
As demonstrated at Anak Krakatau on December 22 nd , 2018, tsunamis generated by volcanic flank collapse are incompletely understood and can be devastating. Here, we present the first high-resolution characterisation of both subaerial and submarine components of the collapse. Combined Synthetic Aper...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Nature communications 2021-05, Vol.12 (1), p.2827-2827, Article 2827 |
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Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | As demonstrated at Anak Krakatau on December 22
nd
, 2018, tsunamis generated by volcanic flank collapse are incompletely understood and can be devastating. Here, we present the first high-resolution characterisation of both subaerial and submarine components of the collapse. Combined Synthetic Aperture Radar data and aerial photographs reveal an extensive subaerial failure that bounds pre-event deformation and volcanic products. To the southwest of the volcano, bathymetric and seismic reflection data reveal a blocky landslide deposit (0.214 ± 0.036 km
3
) emplaced over 1.5 km into the adjacent basin. Our findings are consistent with
en-masse
lateral collapse with a volume ≥0.175 km
3
, resolving several ambiguities in previous reconstructions. Post-collapse eruptions produced an additional ~0.3 km
3
of tephra, burying the scar and landslide deposit. The event provides a model for lateral collapse scenarios at other arc-volcanic islands showing that rapid island growth can lead to large-scale failure and that even faster rebuilding can obscure pre-existing collapse.
The authors here present a detailed reconstruction of the landslide mass following the 2018 eruption of Anak Krakatau. Bathymetry data reports the volume of the collapsed submarine flank to be much larger than previously reported. |
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ISSN: | 2041-1723 2041-1723 |
DOI: | 10.1038/s41467-021-22610-5 |