Effect of hyperthermia on improving neutrophil restoration after intraperitoneal chemotherapy

Purpose: Intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy has several benefits but also can have severe hematologic side effects. We compared the effects of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) and conventional IP chemotherapy on bone marrow suppression and evaluated whether HIPEC increased neutrophil recovery. Methods: HIPEC or IP chemotherapy was administered to ovarian cancer-bearing mice. Bone marrow progenitor cell colony-forming unit (CFU) count, serum cytokine levels, and peripheral leukocyte count after HIPEC and IP chemotherapy were compared. Results: Peripheral neutrophil count, cytokine (G-CSF and CXCL1/KC) levels, and bone marrow progenitor cell CFU count were significantly higher after HIPEC than after IP chemotherapy. Conclusions: Hyperthermia increased the serum neutrophil-recruiting cytokine levels and reduced the magnitude of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Thus, HIPEC improved neutrophil and bone marrow recovery compared with conventional IP chemotherapy.