Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of the MYB-R2R3 Gene Family in Black Pepper ( Piper nigrum L.)

Black pepper ( L.), a prominent spice crop, known as the "king of spices", originated from India. The growth and development of black pepper are influenced by various environmental conditions. MYB transcription factors play a crucial role in controlling metabolic processes, abiotic stress management, and plant growth and development. In this study, we identified 160 transcription factors in the black pepper genome. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using 125 R2R3-MYB proteins from black pepper and , resulting in the mapping of 20 groups on the phylogenetic tree, each containing members from both species. Most members of the family possess two introns, and motif 3 and motif 4 are conserved in all members. The number of genes on each chromosome ranges from 1 to 10. Collinear analysis indicated the creation of new members through gene fragments and tandem replication. The Ka/Ks ratio indicated that purifying selection and positive selection acted on of pepper. The majority of pepper family members were in the nucleus. Significant differences in gene expression levels were observed between different species and infection periods when L. and were infected with . These findings are valuable for future studies on the biological role and molecular mechanism of the gene.