Clinical outcomes after CPX‐351 in patients with high‐risk acute myeloid leukemia: A comparison with a matched cohort from the Spanish PETHEMA registry

Background CPX‐351 is approved for the treatment of therapy related acute myeloid leukemia (t‐AML) and AML with myelodysplastic related changes (MRC‐AML). The benefits of this treatment over standard chemotherapy has not been addressed in well matched cohorts of real‐life patients. Methods Retrospective analysis of AML patients treated with CPX‐351 as per routine practice. A propensity score matching (PSM) was used to compare their main outcomes with those observed in a matched cohort among 765 historical patients receiving intensive chemotherapy (IC), all of them reported to the PETHEMA epidemiologic registry. Results Median age of 79 patients treated with CPX‐351 was 67 years old (interquartile range 62–71), 53 were MRC‐AML. The complete remission (CR) rate or CR without recovery (CRi) after 1 or 2 cycles of CPX‐351 was 52%, 60‐days mortality 18%, measurable residual disease