Minimal vessel area predicts in-stent restenosis in nonthrombotic iliac vein compression syndrome after stenting

The study protocol was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committees of Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University (No. According to the Clinical–Etiology–Anatomy–Pathophysiology classification, there were 6 limbs of C3 (edema), 53 limbs of C4 (skin changes such as pigmentation, eczema, and induration), 7 limbs of C5 (healed venous ulcer), and 12 limbs of C6 (active venous ulcer). In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, area stenosis was not included for avoiding the colinearity.Table 1 Baseline and anatomic characteristics of the ISR and non-ISR group after stenting in iliac vein compression syndrome patients. Items ISR (n = 10) Non-ISR (n = 68) U/t/χ2 P values Age (years) 68.00 ± 7.48 63.24 ± 7.95 −1.972∗ 0.058 Female 8 (80.0) 34 (50.0) 3.157† 0.076 BMI (kg/m2) 23.50 ± 2.71 25.18 ± 2.93 −1.764∗ 0.078 Left side 9 (90.0) 47 (69.12) 0.988† 0.320 CEAP classification|| −0.263∗ 0.813 C3 1 (10.0) 5 (7.4) C4 6 (60.0) 47 (69.1) C5 1 (10.0) 6 (8.8) C6 2 (20.0) 10 (14.7) MVD (mm) 3.19 ± 1.55 3.66 ± 1.45 1.054∗ 0.292 RVD (mm) 10.67 ± 2.62 10.22 ± 2.17 0.596‡ 0.553 Percent diameter stenosis (%) 67.88 ± 18.42 63.26 ± 13.39 1.196∗ 0.232 MVA(mm2) 43.16 ± 16.68 55.72 ± 19.70 1.915‡ 0.059 RVA (mm2) 139.29 ± 60.01 142.86 ± 44.18 0.228‡ 0.820 Percent area stenosis (%) 66.35 ± 12.55 59.93 ± 10.92 1.703‡ 0.093 Stent type – 0.682§ Luminexx 2 (20.0) 18 (26.5) Wallstent 7 (70.0) 47 (69.1) Other 1 (10.0) 3 (4.4) Stent number – 0.506§ 1 9 (90.0) 64 (94.1) 2 1 (10.0) 4 (5.9) Stent size 0.632∗ 0.527 12 mm 2 (20.0) 10 (14.7) 14 mm 3 (20.0) 33 (48.5) 16 mm 3 (30.0) 20 (29.4) 18 mm 2 (20.0) 5 (7.4) Stent length 0.688∗ 0.491 4 cm 0 (0) 1 (1.5) 6 cm 2 (20.0) 11 (16.2) 7 cm 0 (0) 1 (1.5) 8 cm 0 (0) 9 (13.2) 9 cm 5 (50.0) 31 (45.6) 10 cm 1 (10.0) 6 (8.8) 12 cm 2 (20.0) 9 (13.2) Stent entering into IVC 4 (40.0) 29 (42.6) 0.025† 0.854 Post-stenting MVD (mm) 10.27 ± 1.74 10.09 ± 2.28 0.235‡ 0.815 Post-stenting RVD (mm) 11.36 ± 1.57 12.32 ± 1.63 −0.982‡ 0.235 Residual diameter stenosis (%) 9.50 ± 9.26 17.74 ± 16.97 −1.498‡ 0.138 Post-stenting MVA (mm2) 131.84 ± 48.52 131.05 ± 43.63 0.053‡ 0.958 Post-stenting RVA (mm2) 149.28 ± 53.41 159.77 ± 51.81 −0.596‡ 0.553 Luminal diameter increased (mm) 7.08 ± 2.57 6.43 ± 2.20 0.851‡ 0.397 Luminal area increased (mm2) 88.68 ± 43.07 75.33 ± 36.50 1.056‡ 0.294 Residual area stenosis (%) 11.29 ± 10.91 16.55 ± 16.61 −0.968‡ 0.336 Red blood cells (×1012/L) 4.29 ± 0.66 4.38 ± 0.51 −0.830∗ 0.407 Hemoglobin (g/L) 125.40 ± 15.05 133.34