Effects of the Different Doses of Esketamine on Postoperative Quality of Recovery in Patients Undergoing Modified Radical Mastectomy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial

This study aims to investigate the effects of the different doses of esketamine on postoperative quality of recovery in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy. Ninety-nine female patients were randomly allocated to three groups: the low-dose esketamine group (group E ) (0.5 mg/kg loading, 2 µg/kg/h infusion), the high-dose esketamine group (group E ) (0.5 mg/kg loading, 4 µg/kg/h infusion), the control group (group C) (received normal saline). The primary outcome was the quality of recovery-15 (QoR-15) scores on postoperative day 1 (POD1) and days 3 (POD3). The secondary outcomes were the sleep quality scores on POD1, bispectral index (BIS) value at 10, 30, and 60 min after operation, numeric rating scale (NRS) pain scores within 24 h after surgery, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, nightmare, and intraoperative awareness. The total QoR-15 scores were higher in group E and group E than in group C on POD1 and POD3 (