Evolution of Entropy in Art Painting Based on the Wavelet Transform

Quantitative studies of art and aesthetics are representative of interdisciplinary research. In this work, we conducted a large-scale quantitative study of 36,000 paintings covering both Eastern and Western paintings. The information entropy and wavelet entropy of the images were calculated based on their complexity and energy. Wavelet energy entropy is a feature that can characterize rich information in images, and this is the first study to introduce this feature into aesthetic analysis of art paintings. This study shows that the process of entropy change coincides with the development process of art painting. Further, the experimental results demonstrate an important change in the evolution of art painting, and since the rise of modern art in the twentieth century, the entropy values in painting have started to become diverse. In comparison with Western paintings, Eastern paintings have distinct low entropy characteristics in which the wavelet entropy feature of the images has better results in the machine learning classification task of Eastern and Western paintings (i.e., the F1 score can reach 97%). Our study can be the basis for future quantitative analysis and comparative research in the context of Western and Eastern art aesthetics.