Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4: A Key Mediator for Metabolic Regulation of Liver Regeneration

( 3) These changes are a signal for the liver to regenerate. [...]hypoglycemia during regeneration and the accumulation of lipid droplets in the surviving remnant have been unexplained except as an incidental manifestation of the law of mass action causing overload or general metabolic insufficiency until organ capacity is restored. ( 4) Several humoral factors and their intracellular targets were identified as key players in liver regeneration, such as cytokines (e.g., tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin‐6), growth‐ and matrix‐derived factors (hepatocyte growth factor, epidermal growth factor receptor ligands), secondary messenger cascades (e.g., Wnt‐dependent β‐catenin signaling), and transcription factors (e.g., nuclear factor kappa B, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, CCAAT‐enhancer binding protein beta). [...]PDK4 deficiency improved hepatic insulin sensitivity and promoted fatty acid uptake. [...]PKD4 is a key molecular mediator in metabolic regulation of liver regeneration.