Chemical profiles, antioxidant and anti-obesity effects of extract of Bambusa textilis McClure leaves

•Thirty-eight compounds in Bambusa textilis leaves were positively identified.•Thirteen compounds in Bambusa textilis leaves were simultaneously quantified.•Bambusa textilis leaves and their main compounds showed in vitro antioxidant activities.•Bambusa textilis leaves have in vivo antioxidant and anti-obesity activities in rat model. Bambusa textilis McClure (Bambusoideae) is a valuable bamboo species widely distributed in southern China. The methanolic extract of B. textilis leaves was examined for its chemical and bioactive properties. As a result, 38 compounds, including organic acids, flavonoids and miscellaneous substances, were identified or tentatively characterised by UFLC-DAD-Q-TOF-MS. Thirteen polyphenols, considered as the most important components, were quantified using LC-MS/MS method. Moreover, the methanolic extract of B. textilis leaves had obvious antioxidant and anti-obesity activities in vivo in a high-fat diet rat model. It also had a significant antioxidant effect in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and inhibition of β-carotene bleaching assays in vitro. These results are useful for further research of B. textilis leaves that may be useful candidates for the development as a functional food ingredient in health-related industries.