Diabetes-specific formula with standard of care improves glycemic control, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes: results from a randomized controlled trial

Medical nutrition therapy is important for diabetes management. This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of a diabetes-specific formula (DSF) on glycemic control and cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Participants ( = 235) were randomized to either DSF with standard of care (SOC) (DSF group; = 117) or SOC only (control group; = 118). The DSF group consumed one or two DSF servings daily as meal replacement or partial meal replacement. The assessments were done at baseline, on day 45, and on day 90. There were significant reductions in glycated hemoglobin (-0.44% vs. -0.26%, 0.015, at day 45; -0.50% vs. -0.21%, 0.002, at day 90) and fasting blood glucose (-0.14 mmol/L vs. +0.32 mmol/L, 0.036, at day 90), as well as twofold greater weight loss (-1.30 kg vs. -0.61 kg,