Hematemesis or hemoptysis? Pulmonary hydatidosis presenting with hemoptysis, case report

Background Pulmonary hydatidosis is a zoonotic infection caused by the tapeworm of the genus Echinococcus. Case presentation In this case report we present a case of a 38-year-old woman presenting with hemoptysis as a manifestation of pulmonary hydatidosis. Hemoptysis was falsely interpreted at first as hematemesis leading to multiple non-indicated gastroscopies. The patient was diagnosed by pathological examination of the lobectomy sample. Conclusions Proper history, in differentiating hemoptysis from hematemesis, guides proper management. Also, pulmonary hydatidosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cavitary lung lesions, especially in endemic areas.