A comprehensive review of advancements and challenges in reactive power planning for microgrids

The effective management of reactive power plays a vital role in the operation of power systems, impacting voltage stability, power quality, and energy transmission efficiency. Despite its significance, suboptimal reactive power planning (RPP) can lead to voltage instability, increased losses, and grid capacity constraints, posing risks to equipment and system reliability. Rigorous RPP methodologies can mitigate these challenges, resulting in tangible improvements in voltage profiles, system stability, and reduced losses. A comprehensive review of 20 technical articles published between 2020 and 2023 was conducted to compare and synthesize contributions to the field of RPP. The review highlighted the efficacy of strategic RPP approaches in reducing power losses, minimizing equipment malfunctions, and improving power quality, leading to substantial economic benefits—strategic planning approaches and integrating emerging technologies. For instance, examples include renewable energy sources and energy storage systems, which offer promising avenues for enhancing RPP and ensuring stability, reliability, and efficiency in power systems.