Significance of HLA-associated genetic factors for primary prevention in the development of type 1 Diabetes mellitus

In recent years, diabetes mellitus remains one of the most pressing problems in clinical medicine. Along with, this scientific research illustrates this is due to its wide distribution, the severity of complications, and the lack of clear ideas about the etiology and pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease so far. Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM type 1) is 20% of the total incidence of diabetes in the population. However, this form of the disease has a particularly high social significance, since it develops at a young age, and its numerous complications, especially vascular ones, affect patients in the most socially active period of their lives. In this regard, the urgent task of clinical medicine is the timely diagnosis and prevention of this disease, the successful solution of which depends primarily on the skillful use of modern diagnostic tools. In recent years, in connection with scientific and technological progress, it has become possible, on the basis of immunophenotyping, to determine the risk of a person's predisposition to many pathological conditions, including type 1 diabetes.