Neonatal Candida Blood Stream Infection in A Tertiary Care Hospital

Introduction: Candidemia or Candida Blood Stream Infection (BSI) is associated with medical advancements. Since the survival of Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) and Extreme Low Birth Weight (ELBW) babies has improved, there is a surge of Candida BSI. Aim: The aim of the study is to describe the clinical profile of Candida BSI in neonates including the risk factors, symptoms and signs associated with mortality. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study conducted in NICU of Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College, Salem. The inclusion criteria were to include all neonates with Candida species in blood culture during the study period. The neonates who left against medical advice were excluded. Results: The incidence of Candida BSI is 1.43% (n=60). About 86% of the neonates weighed less than 2.5kgs and 84% were preterm. More than half neonates received an Aminoglycoside and about one fourth received third generation Cephalosporins. About 82% stayed in the NICU for more than 10 days. More than half of the neonates had clinical features of lethargy, apnoea, temperature instability, feeding intolerance, shock, thrombocytopenia and hypo/ hyperglycemia. About 39% of neonates expired. Conclusion: Candida BSI is an important morbidity in NICU with a high mortality rates. Every NICU should have a written antifungal policy to prevent the morbidity and mortality associated with Candida BSI.