The Phenomenon of Excluding Scholars and its Effect in the Arab Islamic State

Many scholars and writers were subjected to exclusion. The reasons and charges that led to their exclusion were varied. Some of them were politically motivated, due to the opposition of the scholars and writers to the orientations of the authority. This was represented by an opposing position or slander from a hater or enemy. So many scholars were subjected to imprisonment, torture and beating. The research sheds light on these exclusions and their repercussions on the state and its policy