Host-Microbe-Pathogen Interactions: A Review of Vibrio cholerae Pathogenesis in Drosophila

Most animals maintain mutually beneficial symbiotic relationships with their intestinal microbiota. Resident microbes in the gastrointestinal tract breakdown indigestible food, provide essential nutrients, and, act as a barrier against invading microbes, such as the enteric pathogen . Over the last decades, our knowledge of pathogenesis, colonization, and transmission has increased tremendously. A number of animal models have been used to study how interacts with host-derived resources to support gastrointestinal colonization. Here, we review studies on host-microbe interactions and how infection with disrupts these interactions, with a focus on contributions from the model. We will discuss studies that highlight the connections between symbiont, host, and metabolism; crosstalk between and host microbes; and the impact of the host immune system on the lethality of infection. These studies suggest that modulates host immune-metabolic responses in the fly and improves fitness through competition with intestinal microbes.