Small Metallic Particles: Methods of Fabrication, Atomic and Electronic Structure, Magnetic Properties, and Practical Usage

An analytical review of the original experimental results obtained during investigations of the crystal structure, phase transformations, solid-phase reactions in a system of the small metallic particles (SMP) of Ni, Ta, and copper-based alloys is presented. Their practical use is also reviewed. The formation of several metastable states in SMP, which are non-relevant for the bulk specimens, is discussed. As mentioned, the principal SMP characteristics are provided with a type of their structure, dispersity, and fabrication conditions. Some examples of the practical applications of coatings from SMP of Ta and Ni are given.