Generation and Network Planning of Utility-Scale Grid-Connected Microgrids

An increasing acceptance of microgrid systems is primarily driven by emission reduction, resilience, reliability, and stability of energy systems. This work proposes a utility-scale grid-connected microgrid generation and network planning for a distribution network based on its available local resources and potential for distributed energy resource (DER) generator installation. Enabling distribution utilities to operate as a microgrid allows their systems to function as stand-alone in worst-case transmission grid scenarios. The main steps include identifying planning objectives, generation planning, and network planning. Results of a case study in Kalinga, Philippines show that the distribution utility can lower the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) by 0.032 USD/kWh (21.38 %) by adding additional renewable energy capacities into the mix to meet its load demand. Results also show resilience and stability improvements with microgrid operation. Additional requirements for the existing distribution network to operate as a microgrid include additional network switches and line reinforcement upgrades.