Enhancing Surgical Nursing Student Performance: Comparative Study of Simulation-Based Learning and Problem-Based Learning

Surgical nursing is a high-risk, high-pressure, and complex field. Nurses need extensive knowledge, skills, and abilities. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Simulation-Based Learning (SBL) are effective student-centered methods. Which method is better for surgical nurse training? More research is needed to determine the best approach for undergraduate surgical nurse education. To compare the impact of PBL and SBL on undergraduate nursing students' performance and improve learning outcomes in surgical nursing education. We used a pretest/post-test design with 318 nursing undergraduates randomly assigned to two groups. Participants completed three progressive scenarios focused on surgical nursing cases. Experts blindly reviewed video recordings using the 70-item Korean Nurses' Core Competence Scale (KNCCS) to assess performance. The 13-item Satisfaction and Self-confidence in learning Scale (SSS) measured learning confidence and satisfaction. SBL participants also completed the 16-item Educational Practices in Simulation Scale (EPSS) and 20-item Simulation Design Scale (SDS). The study found significant positive effects on both groups, with noticeable improvements in post-test, retention, and follow-up test results ( < 0.001). The SBL group showed higher competency levels in nurses ( < 0.001). The Cohen's d and effect size (r) for various skills were as follows: clinical performance (0.84767 and 6.39023), critical thinking (0.31017 and 0.15325), professional attitude (0.85868 and 0.39452), and communication skills (1.55149 and 0.61294). The satisfaction and self-confidence of nurses were higher in the SBL group (4.53±0.596; 4.47±0.611) compared to the PBL group (4.32±0.689; 4.25±0.632) in all dimensions of SSS (all < 0.05). The SBL group also scored high in simulation design and EPSS. However, improvements are needed in fidelity, objectives, information, and students' expectations. SBL and PBL improve nurses' core competence, satisfaction, and self-confidence. SBL is superior. This study promotes student-centered education, enhancing surgical nursing professionals' quality and ensuring future patient safety.