Targeting BMP2 for therapeutic strategies against hepatocellular carcinoma

•The role of BMP2 in HCC growth and metastasis was investigated using scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq.•Elevated BMP2 expression was associated with poor prognosis in HCC.•Silencing BMP2 inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of liver cancer cells in vitro.•In vivo models confirmed the role of BMP2 in promoting angiogenesis and HCC growth.•Targeting BMP2 emerges as a promising therapeutic strategy against HCC, providing a new theoretical basis. This study aimed to investigate the role of BMP2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth and metastasis using a dual approach combining single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and bulk RNA-seq. scRNA-seq data from the GEO database and bulk RNA-seq data from the TCGA database were analyzed. Differentially expressed marker genes of endothelial cells were identified and analyzed using enrichment analysis, PPI analysis, correlation analysis, and GSEA. In vitro, experiments were conducted using the Huh-7 HCC cell line, and in vivo, models of HCC growth and metastasis were established by knocking down BMP2. The scRNA-seq analysis identified BMP2 as a key marker gene in endothelial cells of HCC samples. Elevated BMP2 expression correlated with poor prognosis in HCC. In vitro experiments showed that silencing BMP2 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of liver cancer cells. In vivo studies confirmed increased BMP2 expression in HCC tissues, promoting angiogenesis and HCC growth. This study highlights the role of BMP2 in tumor angiogenesis and HCC progression. Targeting BMP2 could be a promising therapeutic strategy against HCC.