Association between emergency department computed tomography utilization rate and patient satisfaction: A clinician level analysis across a regional healthcare system

Background: Computed Tomography (CT) use is common during emergency department (ED) visits, and ED clinicians may order CTs for myriad reasons, including desire to improve patient satisfaction. Objectives: To determine if greater CT use by ED clinicians is associated with increased average patient satisfaction scores for those providers. Methods: The study took part across 15 non-pediatric hospitals in a regional healthcare system. We compared clinician CT use rate for adult patients discharged from the ED with Net Promotor Score (NPS) for that clinician. NPS is a patient satisfaction metric with a possible range of scores from −100 to +100. We included ED clinicians (physicians and non-physician providers (NPPs)) with at least 500 adult patient encounters resulting in ED discharge from July 2020 through June 2022. We assessed for an association between CT use and clinician NPS using univariate and multivariate regression models. Results: Across the 15 hospitals, 166 physicians and 74 NPPs were included in the study. The median CT rate was 25.7 ​% (range 7.1 ​%–48.9 ​%). In both models, there was a statistical association between CT utilization and NPS such that every absolute increase in CT use by 10 ​% resulted in a 3-point improvement in provider NPS on the 200-point scale. When examined in a sensitivity analysis, none of the hospitals individually showed this same association. Conclusions: We found a 26 ​% rate of CT use by clinicians for adults discharged from the ED, with wide variation in utilization between clinicians. There was a small and inconsistent association between CT utilization and clinician specific NPS scores.