Bacteriophage P2-71: a promising therapeutic against multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis in urinary tract infections

is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium widely found in natural environments. It is known for causing a range of severe illnesses in mammals, particularly urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study evaluates the therapeutic efficacy of phage P2-71 against and environments. The therapeutic potential of bacteriophage P2-71 was assessed through the ability of phage to kill by using a plate counting assay, and biofilm inhibition and biofilm lysis assays using a microtitre plate method. Additionally, an UTI model in C57BL/6Jmice was developed via urethral inoculation of the bacterium. Phage therapy was administered through urethral injection over a period of 5 days. Therapeutic outcomes were measured by analyzing bacterial load, phage titer, inflammatory markers, and histopathological changes in the urine, urogenital tissues, and spleen. , bacteriophage P2-71 achieved significant reductions in concentrations, with log reductions of 1.537 and 0.7009 CFU/mL in laboratory and urine environments, respectively (