El retorno en Colombia desde sus dimensiones de análisis. Una revisión sistemática de la literatura

This article examines the scientific literature on return migration in Colombia that assesses and sheds light on the importance of this phenomenon in terms of its empirical contributions, in the first two decades of the present century. To do so, four dimensions of analysis are used as a starting point: what and who are the returnees; where they return to —the territorial scale of return from an ontological viewpoint, specifically, the territorial dimension—; the reasons for return; and the public policies of return. The bibliographic review and selection strategy was undertaken in four phases: 1) bibliographic search in indexing and abstracting systems (SIR): ALAP-OIM, DOAJ, Redalyc, Scopus, Seriunam, Clacso, Clase, LatAM-Estudios, Redib, SciELO Colombia, Biblat, Publindex-Colombia, Cepal and Web of Science; 2) purging of duplicate studies; 3) eligibility; and 4) specific selection. The total number of papers located was 424. Of these, a total of 127 were selected according to the inclusion-exclusion and methodological evaluation criteria. Despite the progress made, we concluded that there is a lack of studies on return migration in areas such as family, multidimensional reintegration, transnationalism, and political participation. There are also few studies that address current return from Venezuela, making it difficult to design policies to manage the phenomenon. Finally, the originality of this article consists in the dimensions of the analysis of return and its temporality. This in the light of a methodological procedure using grounded theory, in which each scientific text constituted a heuristic and hermeneutic unit of comparative analysis. Este artículo examina la literatura científica de la migración de retorno en Colombia que valora y visibiliza la importancia de este fenómeno, en lo que respecta a sus contribuciones empíricas, en las dos primeras décadas del presente siglo. Para lograrlo, se parte de cuatro dimensiones de análisis: cómo son y quiénes son las personas retornadas; a dónde retornan: la concreción de la escala territorial del retorno desde una visión ontológica, específicamente, la dimensión territorial; las razones del regreso; y las políticas públicas de retorno. La estrategia de revisión y selección bibliográfica se realizó mediante cuatro fases: 1) búsqueda bibliográfica en sistemas de indexación y resumen (SIR): ALAP-OIM, DOAJ, Redalyc, Scopus, Seriunam, Clacso, Clase, LatAM-Estudios, Redib, SciELO Colombia, Biblat, Publindex-Co