LA CULTURA ESCOLAR Y EL OFICIO DE MAESTRO (SCHOOL CULTURE AND THE SCHOOLMASTER'S PROFESSION)

This article is part of a full investigation into school culture and the teaching profession that CEMUPE (Pedagogic Center Museum of the University of Salamanca) is carrying out with retired teachers from primary education. The objective of this study is to analyze this topic in two historical periods, the republican period (democratic) and the Franco period (dictatorship). More than 500 handwritten interviews were analyzed, along with the documentary base of records contained in the individual and collective school notebooks where there were records of the daily teaching routines performed by these teachers in the classroom. The results of this research concerning the republican period show a teaching model characterized by a combined action of the theoretical and political sphere, whereas all along the Franco regime the political rule was the most influential.