Rehabilitation of N, N′-methylenebisacrylamide-induced DNA destruction in the testis of adult rats by adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and conditional medium

Environmental pollutant acrylamide has toxic effect on human health. Numerous industries such as the paper, and cosmetics, use acrylamide in their manufacturing. In certain foods, acrylamide arises at extremely high temperatures. Mesenchymal stem cells can shield different tissues from the damaging effects of free radicals induced by acrylamide. This study aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy against acrylamide-induced toxicity between adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their conditioned media (CM), evaluating which is more effective. Seventy adult male rats were employed in this study, distributed among 5 groups. The control group consisted of 10 rats, while each of the other four groups comprised 15 rats. The AC group received a daily oral acrylamide (AC) dosage of 3 mg/kg. In the AC + AD-MSCs and AC + AD-MSCs CM groups, after 4 weeks of AC administration, rats were injected with 0.65 × 106 AD-MSCs/0.5 ml PBS and 0.5 ml of AD-MSCs CM, respectively, via the caudal vein, and were observed for 15 days. The recovery group (Rec.), subjected to 4 weeks of AC treatment, and was allowed an additional 15 days for recuperation. The result in AC and Rec. groups revealed elevated DNA damage, P53 protein levels, apoptosis, LPO, and testosterone (free and total). In contrast, the administration of CM and the transplanting of AD-MSCs decreased the levels of these proteins. According to histological analysis, treating testicular cells with AD-MSCs mitigated histopathological lesions, fibrosis, and toxicity caused by AC. The regulation of P53, LPO protein levels, and testosterone levels, supported the function of AD-MSCs in lowering testis DNA damage and apoptosis. Graphical abstract shows the injection of AD-MSCs and their conditioned medium demonstrate the capability to repair the rat testis damage and apoptosis induced by AC. exposure. [Display omitted] •Low dose of acrylamide at short - term exposure, and oral intake at increased P53, LPO (oxidative stress) levels, DNA damage, histopathological change, and apoptosis in the testis of rat.•AD-MSC transplantation has lessened the adverse effects caused by acrylamide more than AD-MSC CM.•AD-MSCs and their conditioned medium have new therapeutic against AC toxicity.