The molecular biology of selenocysteine

Selenium is an essential trace element that is incorporated into 25 human proteins as the amino acid selenocysteine (Sec). The incorporation of this amino acid turns out to be a fascinating problem in molecular biology because Sec is encoded by a stop codon, UGA. Layered on top of the canonical tran...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Biomolecular concepts 2013-08, Vol.4 (4), p.349-365
Hauptverfasser:	Gonzalez-Flores, Jonathan N., Shetty, Sumangala P., Dubey, Aditi, Copeland, Paul R.
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	3' Untranslated Regions Amino acids Animals Conserved Sequence elongation factor Gene Expression Regulation Humans Molecular biology Nucleotide Motifs Peptide Elongation Factors - metabolism Protein Biosynthesis Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs RNA binding RNA-Binding Proteins - chemistry RNA-Binding Proteins - genetics RNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism SECIS binding protein selenocysteine Selenocysteine - genetics Selenoproteins - chemistry Selenoproteins - genetics Selenoproteins - metabolism translation
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	Selenium is an essential trace element that is incorporated into 25 human proteins as the amino acid selenocysteine (Sec). The incorporation of this amino acid turns out to be a fascinating problem in molecular biology because Sec is encoded by a stop codon, UGA. Layered on top of the canonical translation elongation machinery is a set of factors that exist solely to incorporate this important amino acid. The mechanism by which this process occurs, put into the context of selenoprotein biology, is the focus of this review.
ISSN:	1868-5021 1868-5021 1868-503X
DOI:	10.1515/bmc-2013-0007