A Systematic Review of Bioremediation of Soil Pollution Using Different Types of Bacteria 2015-2023

Soil contamination from industrial and agricultural activities is a widespread problem threatening environmental and public health. Bioremediation employing bacteria shows promise as a sustainable cleanup approach. To systematically review published research from 2015-2023 on bioremediating soil pollution using diverse bacterial strains. A comprehensive search of Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus identified studies meeting inclusion criteria: focused on bacterial bioremediation of polluted soils under controlled conditions and reported quantitative outcomes. The 87 relevant studies were analyzed covering remediation of petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals, pesticides and emerging contaminants using bacteria. Key genera included Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Rhodococcus for hydrocarbons and metal-resistant bacteria. Most optimized conditions in microcosms, with some field pilots showing decontamination over months. This review confirms bacteria effectively biodegrade various soil pollutants under optimized conditions. Continued research is warranted to address technical challenges for field-scale implementation and expand the range of treatable contaminants. Overall, bacterial bioremediation represents a promising sustainable solution for soil remediation.